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2 Sheets-Sheet 1. G. I. EARLL, GEARBD HOIST.

(No Model.)

N0. 595,703. Patented Dec. 21, 1897.

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2 Sheets-Sheet 2. O, I. EARLL.

GEARED HOIST. I

Patented Dec, 21; 1897.

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UNITED STATES PATENT FFICE.

CHARLES I. EARLL, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

GEARED HOIST.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent 0. 59 5,703, dated December 21, 1897. Application filed May 5, 1897. Serial 110.635.149. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES I. EARLL, a citizen of the United States, residing in New York city, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Geared Hoists, of which the followingis a specification.

This invention relates to hoists of the class' known as geared hoists, the object being to provide a device of this character reliable and effective in construction and operation and which can be quickly assembled and disassembled,and also one especially adapted for general use as a portable hoist.

This invention consists in a novel structure and arrangement of parts whereby a train of gearing, such as sun-and-planet gearing, constitutes a part of a driving mechanism for imparting motion to a lifting-drum, the driving-pinion of such mechanism being disposed intermediate the winding part of said liftingdrum and a bearing thereof, whereby a drum adapted to act both as a lifting instrumentality and a means for supporting such planetgearing may be made and cast in one piece and readily assembled and disassembled with the cooperative parts of the hoist without the use of keys or other fastening devices, thus making it possible in a practical and efficient way to dispense with such fastening devices for connecting these parts, whereby the security of the hoist is increased, while the cost of manufacture thereof is diminished.

The invention further consists in providing a simple and efficient means to prevent the running down or overhauling of the load. By means of this construction the liftingdrum and its bearings, the driving-pinion, the planet gear-wheel, and the fixed internal gear, forming a part of the gear-train, are internally disposed relative to the end frames of the hoist, whereby such frames not only act as supports for the lifting-drum, which in turn acts as a support for the planet gearwheel, but such frames also constitute a means of protecting the gearing and the working parts of the hoist.

In the drawings accompanying and forming part of this specification, Figure 1 is a side elevation of one form of hoist embodying my present improvements. Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view taken in line a a, Fig. 3. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken in line b b, Fig. 2, and looking toward the left hand of said figure. Fig. 1 is a side view of the lifting-drum detached. Fig. 5 is an end view thereof,looking toward the left hand. Fig. 6 is a view of a driving-wheel detached. Fig. 7 is a side view, partly in I section, of the friction member or ring; and Fig. Sis an end View thereof, looking toward the right hand.

Similar characters of reference designate like parts in all the figures of the drawings.

This improved hoist comprises in a general way framework, (designated generally by A,) shown herein comprising a pair of end frames, a lifting instrumentality or drum (designated in a general way by B) supported intermediate such end frames and constructed to support a gear-wheel meshing. with a pinion disposed intermediate the lifting part of such drum and one of its bearings, and thereby constituting sun-and-planet gearing,which forms a part of the driving mechanism (designated in a general Way by O) for imparting motion to said drum, and means (designated in a general way by D) for preventing the running down or the overhauling of the load.

In the preferred form thereof herein shown and described the framework (designated generally by Alcomprises a pair of end' frames 9 and 10, connected together in any suitable way, as by bolts-12. When the device is to be used asa portable hoist, aswivelhook 13 is secured thereto, preferably intermediate the end frames 9 and 10, whereby the point of suspension of said hook is in the same vertical plane with the lifting-groove of the drum, hereinaftermentioned. One of the end frames, as 10, is provided with an inwardly-extending projection or hub adapted to form a journal-bearing face or surface 10, While the other end frame, as 9, is provided with a relatively large axial opening or hub forming a bearing face or surface 9 for the purposes hereinafter stated. The end frame 10 is also provided with an internal gear 14, fixedly secured thereto in position to be engaged by a portion of thedriving mechanism,

as the planet gear-wheel, hereinafter described, and which internal gear in the form of structure shown herein isin the same plane as the bearing-face 10' of said end frame 10.

A lifting instrumentality, (designated generally by 13,) which may be an ordinary Winding-drum, sheave, or chain-wheel, as maybe found desirable, but shown herein as a chainwheel 15, is supported intermediate the end frames 9 and 10 and is provided with a chaingroove 16 and with a journal 17, projecting into the opening 9 of the end frame 9. This drum is shown provided at that side thereof opposite to its journal 17 with an integral extension, comprising a pair of parallel plates or walls 18 and 19. It will be understood, however, that such plates may be formed as separate members, yet so connected to each other and also to the drum proper that the whole will form one rigid structure. Owing to this particular construction of this part of the liftingdrum it forms to a certain extent a secondary drum 20, integral or rigid with the chain-wheel portion 15 thereof and having one or more recesses 21, (shown herein as three in number.) One of the drum-plates, as 18, is provided with a bearing 22, adapted to engage the journal-bearing face or surface 10 of the end frame 10, whereby the liftingdrum is supported at this side by such end frame 10. Supported intermediate theplates 1S and. 19 of the drum is the sun-and-planet gearing forming part of the driving mechanism. One or more planet gear-wheels may be used; but in the structure shown three sets of such gear-wheels 25 are provided, each of which is mounted on a shaft 26, journaled in the plates 18 and 19, and in the present structure each of these gear-wheels comprises a pair of gears 27 and 2b of different diameters, the smaller gear 27 of each pair engaging with the internal gear 14, While the larger gear 28 of each pair is in mesh with a driving-pinion 29, mounted on the end of a driving-shaft 30, journaled in an axial bore 31 of the lifting-drum, whereby said pinion 29 and the gears 28 are in a plane intermediate the bearing-face 10' of the end frame and the lifting portion of the drum,

, and whereby also all of said gears 27, 28, and

29, as well as the internal gear 14:, are in a plane intermediate the parallel plates 18 and 19 of said lifting-drum. Mounted on the opposite end of this driving-shaft 30 is a suitable driving-wheel 32, to which motion may be imparted from any suitable source, such as a motor, (not shown;) but in the construction shown this driving-wheel is in the nature of a chain-wheel. For the purpose of readily assembling the parts the bearing 10 of the plate of the lifting-drum is preferably made of such diameter as to permit the ready insertion of the driving-pinion 29 without the necessity of detaching the same from its shaft 30. It will be understood, as before stated, that instead of a series of three gear-wheels 25 one or more may be used, and that instead of each gear-wheel comprising gears of different diameters only one planet-gear may be used, in which case such planet-gear would mesh both with the driving-pinion 29 and also with the fixed internal gear 14, which would be disposed in position for that purpose. Owing to this particular formation and arran gement of the parts of the device the lifting-drum, embodying its bearing-faces and the plates comprising the secondary portion of said drum, maybe formed an integral or rigid structure and supported intermediatethe end frames 9 and 10 and at the same time permit the sun-and-planet gearing not only to be carried by said drum intermediate one of the end frames and the lifting portion of said drum, but also between such lifting portion and an end plate forming a part of said drum, whereby by this construction of hoist the driving-pinion 29 and the larger planet-gears 28 are in a plane intermediate one of the hearing parts of said drum and the lifting-groove thereof, while the smaller gears 27 and the internal gear 14 are in the same plane with such bearing part, thus forming a compact and elfective device which can be quickly assembled and disassembled without separating the winding part of the lifting-d rum from the gear-supporting plates thereof and thereby avoiding the use of fastening devicessuch as keys, pins, &c.which, if used, would have to transmit relatively great stresses and which, besides materially increasing the cost of manufacture,would be liable to fail and cause disastrous collapse, the danger of which, 110wever, is avoided by the present construction.

In order to prevent the running down or overhauling of the load, I have provided improved means for this purpose, (designated in a general way by D,) which in the preferred form thereof shown comprises a friction-ring 35, disposed intermediate the journal 17 of the lifting-drum and the bearing face or surface 9 of the end frame 9, whereby it constitutes a means for supporting the lifting-drum in the other side frame 9. This ring is provided with one or more chambers or apertures 36 (shown herein as two in numher) for the reception of suitable engaging devices such, for instance, as pawls or pins 37intermediate the inner ends of which and the end wall of such ring is disposed means, such as coiled springs 38, for pressing said pins outwardly into position to engage a ratchet 39, carried by the hub of the drivingwheel 32, and which ratchet is so constructed that when said driving-wheel is turning in one direction or in the direction to raise the load the pins will slip over the teeth thereof, whereby the friction-rin g remains at rest and the journal of the lifting-drum rotates freely within such friction-ring; but when said wheel is moving in the opposite direction or in a direction to lower the load the pins will engage the ratchet-teeth, whereby the friction-ring will rotate with the driving-wheel at a high speed relative to the speed of the lifting-dru m and against the frictional resistance on the inner and outer cylindrical bearing-surfaces c and (1, respectively, of said friction-ring, due to the pressure brought to bear on such surfaces by that part of the load on the lifting-drum which is carried by the jour'nal'17,- whereby an automatic safety lowering device is provided capable of applying frictional resistance varying in proportion to the load upon the journal.

From the foregoing it will therefore beseen that in the operation of the hoist to raise the load the journal of the lifting-drum turns freely within the friction-rim g. On the low- ,ering of the load, however, by reversing the movement of the lifting-drum the engaging devices 37 act between the driving-wheel and such friction-rin g and operate to rotate such ring. with said driving-Wheel and in unison with the dri ving-pinion 29,carried on the shaft 30, to which said'driving-wheel is fixedly secured. By this means the weight of the load is transferred from the bearing-surface e of the lifting-drum journal 17 to the outer bearing-surface d of the friction-ring and is thus supported by such relatively large cylindrical bearing-surface, whereby the result of the constru'ctiondescribedis therefore to transfer the frictional resistances to the relatively high-speed friction member, whereby the effective resistance to the running down or overhauling of the load is increased by the ratio of the gearing and also by the ratios of the diameters of the said frictional surfaces.

By properly proportioning the several elements of the described combination thismay be readily adapted for any kind of service required in this general class of hoists.

It is evident that any kind of engaging device or clutch may be employed to connect the friction-ring with the driving-wheel or driving-shaft which will cause the ring to turn with such shaft during the lowering of the load and permit the ring to be disconnected therefrom and remain at rest when the load is raised.

The organization of the mechanism here described isparticularly symmetrical and compact in its arrangement, and the center of gravity of the mechanism as a'whole, the

' point of suspension, and the load-chain lie in substantially the same plane, thereby rendering the whole apparatus when suspended stable in position.

In conclusion it will therefore be seen that the planet gear-wheels are carried upon shafts which are supported at each end by the liftingdrum, whereby, owing to this compact organization of mechanism, the transverse strain upon each portion of the planet gear-wheels is transmitteddirectly to one integral or rigid member, thereby avoiding any necessity for making the drum other than as an integral or rigid structure to permit the assembling of the gears as heretofore usually required and especially avoiding the necessity for fastening or keying either the main drum or the members which support the planet gear-wheels to a shaft of relatively small diameter, this having been heretofore the construction usually adopted, which construction is defective in the respects stated, that by reason of the fastening devices and the necessity for using -a supporting-shaft of relatively small diameinjury or destruction, thus rendering the hoist less safe in its construction and operation.

Having thus described my invention, I claim 1. In a hoisting mechanism, the combination with framework, and with a train of sunand-planet gearing, of a lifting-drum carrying the planet-wheels, said lifting-drum having its winding part on one side and a bearing on the-other side of the plane of the driving-pinion of said train of gearing.

2. In a geared hoist, the combination with framework, of a lifting-drum having a bear ing on a part of said framework; means for imparting motion to said lifting-drum, and embodying sun-and-planet gearing,- and having the driving-pinion of said gearing located between the winding portion of said drum and its bearing with said framework.

3'. In a geared hoist, the combination with framework, of an internal gear fixedly secured thereto; a lifting-drum supported at each end by said' framework; driving mechanism for said drum, and embodying a pinion located between the lifting portion of said drum and one of the ends thereof supported by said framework, and a planet gear-wheel mounted on said drum and meshing with said drivingpinion and internal gear.

4. In a geared hoist, the combination-with a pair of connected end frames, of an internal gear fixedly secured to one of said frames; a lifting-drum supported at each end by said frames and having a bore; a driving-shaft journaled in said bore; a pinion mounted thereon at one end and located between the lifting portion of said drum and one of its ends supported by said framework; a drivingwheel carried at the other end of said shaft; and a gear-wheel mounted on said drum, and comprising a pair of gears, one meshing with said pinion and the other with said internal gear.

5. In a geared hoist, the combination with framework, of a lifting-drum carried thereby; a friction-ring journaled in said framework and mounted on said drum; driving means for said drum; and means for connecting said friction-ring with said driving means during the lowering of the load.

6. In a device of the class specified, the combination with framework, of a lifting-drum carried thereby; a friction-ring j ournaled' in said framework; driving means for said drum; and means for connecting the friction-ring with said driving means, thereby to turn in unison therewith during the loweringof the load.

7 In a geared hoist, the combination'with framework, of a lifting-drum carried thereby; a chambered or apertured friction-ring jour- IIO naled in said framework and mounted on said drum; driving means for said drum; and means carried in the chamber of said frictionring for engaging said driving means during the lowering of the load.

8. In a geared hoist, the combination with a pair of end frames,one having a hollowhub; of a lifting-drum having a journal extending into said hub; a friction-ring disposed within said hub and mounted on said journal; driving means for said drum, and embodying a driving wheel carrying a ratchet; and a ratchet pin or pawl carried by said ring and adapted to engage said ratchet during the lowering of the load.

9. In a geared hoist, the combination with a pair of connected end frames, each having a hub; of an internal gear fixedly secured to one of said end frames; a lifting-drum having a bearing on one of said hubs and a journal extending into the other hub of said end frames, said drum having an axial bore; a driving-shaft journaled in said bore, and carrying a driving-wheel atits outer end and a pinion at its inner end located between the lifting portion of said drum and one of its bearings with one of said end frames; a planet gear-wheel mounted on said drum, and meshing with said pinion and also with said internal gear of the end frame; a friction-ring disposed within the hub of one of the end frames and mounted on the journal of said drum, and provided with means for connecting the same with the driving-wheel during the lowering of the load.

10. In a geared hoist, the combination with a pair of end frames, one having an inwardlyextending hub and the other a hollow hub; of an internal gear fixedly secured to one of said end frames, and concentric with said inwardly-extending hub a lifting-drum having a bearing on said inwardly-extending hub and a journal extending into said hollow hub, said drum havingabore a driving-shaft journaled in said bore; a driving-wheel mounted on the outer end of said shaft and provided with a ratchet; a pinion secured to the inner end of said shaft and located between the lifting portion of said drum and its bearing with said inwardly-extending hub; planet gearwheels mounted on said drum, and comprising a pair of gears of difierent diameters, the larger gear located between the plane of the lifting portion of said drum and its bearing with said inwardly-extending hub, and meshing with said pinion, and the smaller gear located in the same plane with said inwardlyextending hub and concentric and meshing with said internal gear; a friction-ring journaled in said hollow hub and mounted on the journal of said drum, and a spring-pressed pin or pawl for engaging said driving-wheel ratchet during the lowering of the load.

11. In a geared hoist, the combination with framework, of a lifting-drum comprising a winding portion and an extension comprebending a pair of plates, the outer plate ha v ing a bearing on said framework; and means for imparting motion to said lifting-drum and embodying a pinion disposed between said plates.

12. In a geared hoist, the combination with a pair of end frames, of a lifting-drum comprising a winding portion and an extension comprehending a pair of plates rigidly secured to said drum, the outer plate having a bearing with one of the end frames; and means for imparting motion to said liftingdrum and embodying sun-and-planet gearing disposed between said plates.

13. In a geared hoist, the combination with a pair of connected end frames, of an internal gear fixedly secured to one of said end frames; a lifting-drum having an extension comprising a pair of plates, the outer plate having a bearing with one of the end frames; means for imparting motion to said liftingdrum, and embodying a pinion and a planet gear-wheel disposed between said plates, said gear-wheel comprehending gears of difierent diameters, one meshing with said pinion and the other with said internal gear.

. CHARLES I. EARLL.

Witnesses:

C. A. WEED, EDWARD A. MEAD. 

